## The Theory of Classes of Groups

Author: Guo Wenbin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401140545
Category: Mathematics
Page: 258
View: 2520

One of the characteristics of modern algebra is the development of new tools and concepts for exploring classes of algebraic systems, whereas the research on individual algebraic systems (e. g. , groups, rings, Lie algebras, etc. ) continues along traditional lines. The early work on classes of alge bras was concerned with showing that one class X of algebraic systems is actually contained in another class F. Modern research into the theory of classes was initiated in the 1930's by Birkhoff's work [1] on general varieties of algebras, and Neumann's work [1] on varieties of groups. A. I. Mal'cev made fundamental contributions to this modern development. ln his re ports [1, 3] of 1963 and 1966 to The Fourth All-Union Mathematics Con ference and to another international mathematics congress, striking the ories of classes of algebraic systems were presented. These were later included in his book [5]. International interest in the theory of formations of finite groups was aroused, and rapidly heated up, during this time, thanks to the work of Gaschiitz [8] in 1963, and the work of Carter and Hawkes [1] in 1967. The major topics considered were saturated formations, Fitting classes, and Schunck classes. A class of groups is called a formation if it is closed with respect to homomorphic images and subdirect products. A formation is called saturated provided that G E F whenever Gjip(G) E F.

## Classes of Finite Groups

Author: Adolfo Ballester-Bolinches,Luis M. Ezquerro
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402047193
Category: Mathematics
Page: 381
View: 4927

This book covers the latest achievements of the Theory of Classes of Finite Groups. It introduces some unpublished and fundamental advances in this Theory and provides a new insight into some classic facts in this area. By gathering the research of many authors scattered in hundreds of papers the book contributes to the understanding of the structure of finite groups by adapting and extending the successful techniques of the Theory of Finite Soluble Groups.

## Semigroups and Their Applications

Proceedings of the International Conference “Algebraic Theory of Semigroups and Its Applications” held at the California State University, Chico, April 10–12, 1986
Author: Simon M. Goberstein,Peter M. Higgins
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9789027724632
Category: Mathematics
Page: 211
View: 4015

Most papers published in this volume are based on lectures presented at the Chico Conference on Semigroups held on the Chico campus of the Cal ifornia State University on April 10-12, 1986. The conference was spon sored by the California State University, Chico in cooperation with the Engineering Computer Sciences Department of the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. The program included seven 50-minute addresses and seventeen 30-minute lectures. Speakers were invited by the organizing committee consisting of S. M. Goberstein and P. M. Higgins. The purpose of the conference was to bring together some of the leading researchers in the area of semigroup theory for a discussion of major recent developments in the field. The algebraic theory of semigroups is growing so rapidly and new important results are being produced at such a rate that the need for another meeting was well justified. It was hoped that the conference would help to disseminate new results more rapidly among those working in semi groups and related areas and that the exchange of ideas would stimulate research in the subject even further. These hopes were realized beyond all expectations.

## Applications of the Theory of Groups in Mechanics and Physics

Author: Petre P. Teodorescu,Nicolae-A.P. Nicorovici
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402020469
Category: Mathematics
Page: 446
View: 6174

The notion of group is fundamental in our days, not only in mathematics, but also in classical mechanics, electromagnetism, theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, theory of elementary particles, etc. This notion has developed during a century and this development is connected with the names of great mathematicians as E. Galois, A. L. Cauchy, C. F. Gauss, W. R. Hamilton, C. Jordan, S. Lie, E. Cartan, H. Weyl, E. Wigner, and of many others. In mathematics, as in other sciences, the simple and fertile ideas make their way with difficulty and slowly; however, this long history would have been of a minor interest, had the notion of group remained connected only with rather restricted domains of mathematics, those in which it occurred at the beginning. But at present, groups have invaded almost all mathematical disciplines, mechanics, the largest part of physics, of chemistry, etc. We may say, without exaggeration, that this is the most important idea that occurred in mathematics since the invention of infinitesimal calculus; indeed, the notion of group expresses, in a precise and operational form, the vague and universal ideas of regularity and symmetry. The notion of group led to a profound understanding of the character of the laws which govern natural phenomena, permitting to formulate new laws, correcting certain inadequate formulations and providing unitary and non contradictory formulations for the investigated phenomena.

## Identities of Algebras and Their Representations

Author: I͡Uriĭ Pitirimovich Razmyslov,Jurij P. Razmyslov,Yu. P. Razmyslov,︠I︡Uriĭ Pitirimovich Razmyslov
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 9780821846087
Category: Mathematics
Page: 318
View: 7995

During the past forty years, a new trend in the theory of associative algebras, Lie algebras, and their representations has formed under the influence of mathematical logic and universal algebra, namely, the theory of varieties and identities of associative algebras, Lie algebras, and their representations. The last twenty years have seen the creation of the method of 2-words and $\alpha$-functions, which allowed a number of problems in the theory of groups, rings, Lie algebras, and their representations to be solved in a unified way. The possibilities of this method are far from exhausted. This book sums up the applications of the method of 2-words and $\alpha$-functions in the theory of varieties and gives a systematic exposition of contemporary achievements in the theory of identities of algebras and their representations closely related to this method. The aim is to make these topics accessible to a wider group of mathematicians.

## Encyclopaedia of Mathematics

Stochastic Approximation — Zygmund Class of Functions
Author: Michiel Hazewinkel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781556080081
Category: Mathematics
Page: 536
View: 9273

This ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF MATHEMATICS aims to be a reference work for all parts of mathe matics. It is a translation with updates and editorial comments of the Soviet Mathematical Encyclopaedia published by 'Soviet Encyclopaedia Publishing House' in five volumes in 1977-1985. The annotated translation consists of ten volumes including a special index volume. There are three kinds of articles in this ENCYCLOPAEDIA. First of all there are survey-type articles dealing with the various main directions in mathematics (where a rather fme subdivi sion has been used). The main requirement for these articles has been that they should give a reasonably complete up-to-date account of the current state of affairs in these areas and that they should be maximally accessible. On the whole, these articles should be understandable to mathematics students in their first specialization years, to graduates from other mathematical areas and, depending on the specific subject, to specialists in other domains of science, en gineers and teachers of mathematics. These articles treat their material at a fairly general level and aim to give an idea of the kind of problems, techniques and concepts involved in the area in question. They also contain background and motivation rather than precise statements of precise theorems with detailed definitions and technical details on how to carry out proofs and constructions. The second kind of article, of medium length, contains more detailed concrete problems, results and techniques.

## Mathematics Galore!

Masterclasses, Workshops and Team Projects in Mathematics and Its Applications
Author: Christopher Budd,Christopher Sangwin
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780198507703
Category: Juvenile Nonfiction
Page: 254
View: 2178

This book is a series of self-contained workshops in mathematics which aim to enthuse and inspire young people, their parents and teachers with the joy and excitement of modern mathematics. Written in an informal style, each chapter describes how novel mathematical ideas relate directly to real life. The chapters contain both a description of the mathematics and its applications together with problem sheets, their solutions and ideas for further work, project and field trips. Topics include; mazes, folk dancing, sundials, magic, castles, codes, number systems, and slide rules. This book should be accessible to young people from age thirteen upwards and yet contains material which should stretch the brightest students.

## A Course in the Theory of Groups

Author: Derek J.S. Robinson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441985948
Category: Mathematics
Page: 502
View: 8003

"An excellent up-to-date introduction to the theory of groups. It is general yet comprehensive, covering various branches of group theory. The 15 chapters contain the following main topics: free groups and presentations, free products, decompositions, Abelian groups, finite permutation groups, representations of groups, finite and infinite soluble groups, group extensions, generalizations of nilpotent and soluble groups, finiteness properties." —-ACTA SCIENTIARUM MATHEMATICARUM

## Topology and Its Applications

Proceedings of the International Topology Conference, Baku, October 3-8, 1987
Author: Sergeĭ Petrovich Novikov
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 9780821831519
Category: Mathematics
Page: 250
View: 9109

This book contains the proceedings of an international topology conference held in the town of Zagulba, near Baku in the former Soviet Union, in October 1987. Sponsored by the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of Azerbaijan and the Steklov Mathematical Institute, the conference was organized by F. G. Maksudov and S. P. Novikov. About 400 mathematicians, including about 100 foreigners, attended the conference. The book covers aspects of general, algebraic, and low-dimensional topology.

## Algebraic and Geometric Surgery

Author: Andrew Ranicki
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780198509240
Category: Mathematics
Page: 373
View: 7336

'An excellent framework for various courses in Surgery Theory... very readable... I read this fine and carefully written book with great pleasure, and highly recommend it for everyone who wants to undertake a deeper study of Surgery Theory and its Applications.' -Alberto Cavicchioli (Modena), Zentralblatt MATHThis book is an introduction to surgery theory: the standard classification method for high-dimensional manifolds. It is aimed at graduate students, who have already had a basic topology course, and would now like to understand the topology of high-dimensional manifolds. This text contains entry-level accounts of the various prerequisites of both algebra and topology, including basic homotopy and homology, Poincare duality, bundles, cobordism, embeddings, immersions, Whitehead torsion, Poincare complexes, spherical fibrations and quadratic forms and formations. While concentrating on the basic mechanics of surgery, this book includes many worked examples, useful drawings for illustration of the algebra and references for further reading.

## Group Theory in Physics

Author: Wu-Ki Tung
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789971966577
Category: Science
Page: 344
View: 9188

An introductory text book for graduates and advanced undergraduates on group representation theory. It emphasizes group theory's role as the mathematical framework for describing symmetry properties of classical and quantum mechanical systems.Familiarity with basic group concepts and techniques is invaluable in the education of a modern-day physicist. This book emphasizes general features and methods which demonstrate the power of the group-theoretical approach in exposing the systematics of physical systems with associated symmetry.Particular attention is given to pedagogy. In developing the theory, clarity in presenting the main ideas and consequences is given the same priority as comprehensiveness and strict rigor. To preserve the integrity of the mathematics, enough technical information is included in the appendices to make the book almost self-contained.A set of problems and solutions has been published in a separate booklet.

## Recent Developments in Lie Algebras, Groups, and Representation Theory

2009-2011 Southeastern Lie Theory Workshop Series : Combinatorial Lie Theory and Applications, October 9-11, 2009, North Carolina State University : Homological Methods in Representation Theory, May 22-24, 2010, University of Georgia : Finite and Algebraic Groups, June 1-4, 2011, University of Virginia
Author: Kailash C. Misra,Daniel Ken Nakano,Brian Parshall
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 0821869175
Category: Mathematics
Page: 310
View: 5628

This book contains the proceedings of the 2009-2011 Southeastern Lie Theory Workshop Series, held October 9-11, 2009 at North Carolina State University, May 22-24, 2010, at the University of Georgia, and June 1-4, 2011 at the University of Virginia. Some of the articles, written by experts in the field, survey recent developments while others include new results in Lie algebras, quantum groups, finite groups, and algebraic groups.

## Applications of Finite Groups

Author: J. S. Lomont
ISBN: 1483268969
Category: Mathematics
Page: 358
View: 4713

Applications of Finite Groups focuses on the applications of finite groups to problems of physics, including representation theory, crystals, wave equations, and nuclear and molecular structures. The book first elaborates on matrices, groups, and representations. Topics include abstract properties, applications, matrix groups, key theorem of representation theory, properties of character tables, simply reducible groups, tensors and invariants, and representations generated by functions. The text then examines applications and subgroups and representations, as well as subduced and induced representations, fermion annihilation and creation operators, crystallographic point groups, proportionality tensors in crystals, and nonrelativistic wave equations. The publication takes a look at space group representations and energy bands, symmetric groups, and applications. Topics include molecular and nuclear structures, multiplet splitting in crystalline electric fields, construction of irreducible representations of the symmetric groups, and reality of representations. The manuscript is a dependable source of data for physicists and researchers interested in the applications of finite groups.

## Class Groups and Picard Groups of Group Rings and Orders

Author: Irving Reiner
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 0821816764
Category: Mathematics
Page: 44
View: 5480

The aim of the lectures is to provide an introduction to recent developments in the theory of class groups and Picard groups. The techniques employed come from the three main areas: algebraic number theory, representation theory of algebras and orders, and algebraic $K$-theory.

## Semigroup Theory and Its Applications

Proceedings of the 1994 Conference Commemorating the Work of Alfred H. Clifford
Author: Alfred Hoblitzelle Clifford
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521576697
Category: Mathematics
Page: 165
View: 9219

Survey articles in the area of semigroup theory and its applications.

## Mathematical Theory of Elasticity of Quasicrystals and Its Applications

Author: Tianyou Fan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642146430
Category: Technology & Engineering
Page: 350
View: 2484

This inter-disciplinary work covering the continuum mechanics of novel materials, condensed matter physics and partial differential equations discusses the mathematical theory of elasticity of quasicrystals (a new condensed matter) and its applications by setting up new partial differential equations of higher order and their solutions under complicated boundary value and initial value conditions. The new theories developed here dramatically simplify the solving of complicated elasticity equation systems. Large numbers of complicated equations involving elasticity are reduced to a single or a few partial differential equations of higher order. Systematical and direct methods of mathematical physics and complex variable functions are developed to solve the equations under appropriate boundary value and initial value conditions, and many exact analytical solutions are constructed. The dynamic and non-linear analysis of deformation and fracture of quasicrystals in this volume presents an innovative approach. It gives a clear-cut, strict and systematic mathematical overview of the field. Comprehensive and detailed mathematical derivations guide readers through the work. By combining mathematical calculations and experimental data, theoretical analysis and practical applications, and analytical and numerical studies, readers will gain systematic, comprehensive and in-depth knowledge on continuum mechanics, condensed matter physics and applied mathematics.

## Fractal Geometry and Stochastics IV

Author: Christoph Bandt,Peter Mörters,Martina Zähle
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783034600309
Category: Mathematics
Page: 290
View: 6308

Over the last fifteen years fractal geometry has established itself as a substantial mathematical theory in its own right. The interplay between fractal geometry, analysis and stochastics has highly influenced recent developments in mathematical modeling of complicated structures. This process has been forced by problems in these areas related to applications in statistical physics, biomathematics and finance. This book is a collection of survey articles covering many of the most recent developments, like Schramm-Loewner evolution, fractal scaling limits, exceptional sets for percolation, and heat kernels on fractals. The authors were the keynote speakers at the conference "Fractal Geometry and Stochastics IV" at Greifswald in September 2008.

## The Theory of Groups

Author: Hans J. Zassenhaus
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 048616568X
Category: Mathematics
Page: 288
View: 3643

Well-written graduate-level text acquaints reader with group-theoretic methods and demonstrates their usefulness in mathematics. Axioms, the calculus of complexes, homomorphic mapping, p-group theory, more. Many proofs shorter and more transparent than older ones.

## Modern Algebra with Applications

Author: William J. Gilbert,W. Keith Nicholson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471469890
Category: Mathematics
Page: 352
View: 3540

Praise for the first edition "This book is clearly written and presents a large number ofexamples illustrating the theory . . . there is no other book ofcomparable content available. Because of its detailed coverage ofapplications generally neglected in the literature, it is adesirable if not essential addition to undergraduate mathematicsand computer science libraries." –CHOICE As a cornerstone of mathematical science, the importance ofmodern algebra and discrete structures to many areas of science andtechnology is apparent and growing–with extensive use incomputing science, physics, chemistry, and data communications aswell as in areas of mathematics such as combinatorics. Blending the theoretical with the practical in the instructionof modern algebra, Modern Algebra with Applications, Second Editionprovides interesting and important applications of thissubject–effectively holding your interest and creating a moreseamless method of instruction. Incorporating the applications of modern algebra throughout itsauthoritative treatment of the subject, this book covers the fullcomplement of group, ring, and field theory typically contained ina standard modern algebra course. Numerous examples are included ineach chapter, and answers to odd-numbered exercises are appended inthe back of the text. Chapter topics include: Boolean Algebras Polynomial and Euclidean Rings Groups Quotient Rings Quotient Groups Field Extensions Symmetry Groups in Three Dimensions Latin Squares Pólya—Burnside Method of Enumeration Geometrical Constructions Monoids and Machines Error-Correcting Codes Rings and Fields In addition to improvements in exposition, this fully updatedSecond Edition also contains new material on order of an elementand cyclic groups, more details about the lattice of divisors of aninteger, and new historical notes. Filled with in-depth insights and over 600 exercises of varyingdifficulty, Modern Algebra with Applications, Second Edition canhelp anyone appreciate and understand this subject.

## Representation and Productive Ambiguity in Mathematics and the Sciences

Author: Emily R. Grosholz
Publisher: Clarendon Press
ISBN: 0191538515
Category: Mathematics
Page: 330
View: 8394

Emily Grosholz offers an original investigation of demonstration in mathematics and science, examining how it works and why it is persuasive. Focusing on geometrical demonstration, she shows the roles that representation and ambiguity play in mathematical discovery. She presents a wide range of case studies in mechanics, topology, algebra, logic, and chemistry, from ancient Greece to the present day, but focusing particularly on the seventeenth and twentieth centuries. She argues that reductive methods are effective not because they diminish but because they multiply and juxtapose modes of representation. Such problem-solving is, she argues, best understood in terms of Leibnizian 'analysis' - the search for conditions of intelligibility. Discovery and justification are then two aspects of one rational way of proceeding, which produces the mathematician's formal experience. Grosholz defends the importance of iconic, as well as symbolic and indexical, signs in mathematical representation, and argues that pragmatic, as well as syntactic and semantic, considerations are indispensable for mathematical reasoning. By taking a close look at the way results are presented on the page in mathematical (and biological, chemical, and mechanical) texts, she shows that when two or more traditions combine in the service of problem solving, notations and diagrams are sublty altered, multiplied, and juxtaposed, and surrounded by prose in natural language which explains the novel combination. Viewed this way, the texts yield striking examples of language and notation that are irreducibly ambiguous and productive because they are ambiguous. Grosholtz's arguments, which invoke Descartes, Locke, Hume, and Kant, will be of considerable interest to philosophers and historians of mathematics and science, and also have far-reaching consequences for epistemology and philosophy of language.